Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Case Studies

Amoebic Encephalitis Caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris: Su Jung Kum, Hye Won Lee, Hye Ra Jung, Misun Choe, Sang Pyo Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 2019;53(5):327-331. Published online May 24, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2019.05.14

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We present the case of a 71-year-old man who was diagnosed with amoebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris. He had rheumatic arthritis for 30 years and had undergone continuous treatment with immunosuppressants. First, he complained of partial spasm from the left thigh to the left upper limb. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multifocal enhancing nodules in the cortical and subcortical area of both cerebral hemispheres, which were suggestive of brain metastases. However, the patient developed fever with stuporous mentality and an open biopsy was performed immediately. Microscopically, numerous amoebic trophozoites, measuring 20 to 25 µm in size, with nuclei containing one to four nucleoli and some scattered cysts having a double-layered wall were noted in the background of hemorrhagic necrosis. Based on the microscopic findings, amoebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris was diagnosed. The patient died on the 10th day after being admitted at the hospital. The diagnosis of amoebic encephalitis in the early stage is difficult for clinicians. Moreover, most cases undergo rapid deterioration, resulting in fatal consequences. In this report, we present the first case of B. mandrillaris amoebic encephalitis with fatal progression in a Korean patient.

Citations

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Molecular identification, phylogenetic analysis and histopathological study of pathogenic free-living amoebae isolated from discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) in Iran: 2020–2022
Hooman Rahmati-Holasoo, Maryam Niyyati, Marziye Fatemi, Fatemeh Mahdavi Abhari, Sara Shokrpoor, Alireza Nassiri, Amin Marandi
BMC Veterinary Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Encephalomyelomeningitis Caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris: A Case Report and Literature Review
XueMei Fan, TianWen Chen, Hui Yang, Yue Gao, Yan Chen
Infection and Drug Resistance.2023; Volume 16: 727. CrossRef
Diagnosing Balamuthia mandrillaris amebic meningoencephalitis in a 64-year-old woman from the Southwest of China
Suhua Yao, Xiaoting Chen, Lian Qian, Shizheng Sun, Chunjing Zhao, Zongkai Bai, Zhaofang Chen, Youcong Wu
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(2): 183. CrossRef
Diagnosis of Balamuthia mandrillaris Encephalitis by Thymine–Adenine Cloning Using Universal Eukaryotic Primers
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-Hee Yi, Myungjun Kim, Joon-Sup Yeom, Hyun Dong Yoo, Seong Min Kim, Tai-Soon Yong
Annals of Laboratory Medicine.2022; 42(2): 196. CrossRef
Facial Balamuthia mandrillaris infection with neurological involvement in an immunocompetent child
Zhen Zhang, Jianying Liang, Ruoqu Wei, Xiaobo Feng, Lei Wang, Liuhui Wang, Piaoping Zhao, Hong Yu, Yan Gu, Zhirong Yao
The Lancet Infectious Diseases.2022; 22(3): e93. CrossRef
Subacute Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis in an immunocompetent patient diagnosed by next-generation sequencing
Changbo Xu, Xiaoyan Wu, Miaoqin Tan, Dongmei Wang, Shengnan Wang, Yongming Wu
Journal of International Medical Research.2022; 50(5): 030006052210932. CrossRef
Distribution and Current State of Molecular Genetic Characterization in Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae
Alejandro Otero-Ruiz, Leobardo Daniel Gonzalez-Zuñiga, Libia Zulema Rodriguez-Anaya, Luis Fernando Lares-Jiménez, Jose Reyes Gonzalez-Galaviz, Fernando Lares-Villa
Pathogens.2022; 11(10): 1199. CrossRef
Fulminant Disseminating Fatal Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis: The First Case Report in an Immunocompetent Patient in South Korea
Ju Yeon Lee, In Kyu Yu, Seong Min Kim, Joo Heon Kim, Ha Youn Kim
Yonsei Medical Journal.2021; 62(6): 563. CrossRef
A Japanese case of amoebic meningoencephalitis initially diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid cytology
Ryogo Aoki, Toshimasa Sakakima, Asuka Ohashi, Riyoko Niwa, Masashi Matsuyama, Fumimasa Etori, Naoki Watanabe, Kenji Yagita, Takuji Tanaka
Clinical Case Reports.2020; 8(9): 1728. CrossRef
Balamuthia mandrillaris infection in China: a retrospective report of 28 cases
Lei Wang, Wenjing Cheng, Bing Li, Zhe Jian, Xianlong Qi, Dongjie Sun, Jian Gao, Xuetao Lu, Yi Yang, Kun Lin, Chuanlong Lu, Jiaxi Chen, Chunying Li, Gang Wang, Tianwen Gao
Emerging Microbes & Infections.2020; 9(1): 2348. CrossRef
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Identification of plicamycin, TG02, panobinostat, lestaurtinib, and GDC-0084 as promising compounds for the treatment of central nervous system infections caused by the free-living amebae Naegleria, Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia
Monica M. Kangussu-Marcolino, Gretchen M. Ehrenkaufer, Emily Chen, Anjan Debnath, Upinder Singh
International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance.2019; 11: 80. CrossRef

Bile Granuloma Mimicking Peritoneal Seeding: A Case Report: Hasong Jeong, Hye Won Lee, Hye Ra Jung, Ilseon Hwang, Sun Young Kwon, Yu Na Kang, Sang Pyo Kim, Misun Choe; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(5):339-343. Published online July 16, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.06.02

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Abstract PDF

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a widely used treatment method for most cholelithiasis and is a relatively safe procedure. Foreign body granulomatous reaction to bile or gallstone spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy has rarely been reported. We report a case of bile granuloma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which mimicked peritoneal seeding. A 59-year-old Korean man presented with right upper quadrant pain. He underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis. Pathologic examination revealed an incidental adenocarcinoma invading the lamina propria with acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. After 3 months, follow-up abdominal computed tomography revealed a subhepatic nodule, which showed hypermetabolism on positron emission tomography–computed tomography. Suspecting localized peritoneal seeding, wedge resection of the liver, wedge resection of the transverse colon, and omentectomy were performed. Pathologic examination of the resected specimens revealed multiple bile granulomas. Awareness of bile granuloma mimicking malignancy is noteworthy for patient management to reduce unnecessary procedure during postoperative surveillance.

Citations

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A mimic of peritoneal metastatic disease, multifocal intraabdominal foreign body granulomas secondary to feculent peritonitis
Damien Gibson, Christo Joseph, Diarmid P. Foulis, Christophe R. Berney
ANZ Journal of Surgery.2024; 94(4): 763. CrossRef
Practices and Attitudes of Surgeons With Regard to Spilled Gallstones During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Alfehaid, Moath Aljohani, Sajad A Salati , Shoug Alaodah, Wejdan Alresheedi, Raghad Almarshud
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Spilled gallstone mimicking intra-abdominal seeding of gallbladder adenocarcinoma: A case report
Cheng-Ken Huang, Ruey-Hwa Lu, Chien-Cheng Chen, Po-Chun Chen, Wen-Chang Hsu, Meng-Jui Tsai, Chin-Tsung Ting
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery.2024; 16(2): 622. CrossRef
Biliary Granulomatous Peritoneal Reaction as Consequence of Cholecystectomy: Case Report and Literature Review
Giuseppe Tarantino, Denise Menghini, Maria Eva Argenziano, Miriam Palmieri, Alessandra Mandolesi, Enrico Dalla Bona, Antonio Benedetti, Mario Guerrieri, Maria Giovanna Danieli
SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Foreign body reaction mimicking local recurrence from polyactide adhesion barrier film after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery
Tien-Chan Hsieh, Chao-Wen Hsu
Medicine.2022; 101(5): e28692. CrossRef
Spilled gallstones after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a systematic review
Sajad Ahmad Salati, Mohammed Alfehaid, Saleh Alsuwaydani, Lamees AlSulaim
Polish Journal of Surgery.2022; 94(4): 1. CrossRef
Foreign body granulomas mimic peritoneal dissemination caused by incarcerated femoral hernia perforation: A case report
Shinpei Ogino, Tatsuya Matsumoto, Yosuke Kamada, Noriaki Koizumi, Hiroshi Fujiki, Kenji Nakamura, Takeshi Yamano, Chouhei Sakakura
World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2021; 12(11): 1083. CrossRef

Original Article

IMP3, a Promising Prognostic Marker in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Ji Young Park, Misun Choe, Yuna Kang, Sang Sook Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(2):108-116. Published online April 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.2.108

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Abstract PDF

Background

Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3) has been reported as a prognostic biomarker in various cancers. To validate IMP3 as a prognostic biomarker in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we investigated the expression of IMP3, p53, and Ki-67, and their associations with clinicopathologic outcomes.

Methods

We studied 148 clear cell RCCs (CCRCCs) from patients who underwent radical nephrectomy. The expression levels of IMP3, p53, and Ki-67 were assessed by immunohistochemical staining and the clinical and pathologic parameters were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

Twenty-nine percent of CCRCCs expressed IMP3. Forty-one percent of IMP3-immunopositive tumors developed metastases, while only 11.4% of IMP3-negative tumors developed metastases (p<.001). A Kaplan-Meier curve showed that patients with IMP3-immunopositive tumors had lower metastasis-free survival and cancer-specific survival than did those with IMP3-immunonegative tumors (p<.001 and p<.001, respectively). Expression of high Ki-67 proliferation index was also associated with a higher metastatic rate. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, pT stage and IMP3-positivity were independently associated with disease-specific survival.

Conclusions

IMP3 is an independent prognostic biomarker for patients with CCRCC to predict metastasis and poor outcome.

Citations

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IMP3 Immunohistochemical Expression Is Related with Progression and Metastases in Xenografted and Cutaneous Melanomas
Natividad Martin-Morales, Miguel Padial-Molina, Isabel Tovar, Virginea De Araujo Farias, Pedro Hernández-Cortés, Esperanza Ramirez-Moreno, Mercedes Caba-Molina, Justin Davis, Alejandro Carrero Castaño, Jose Mariano Ruiz de Almodovar, Pablo Galindo-Moreno,
Pathobiology.2024; 91(2): 132. CrossRef
circRARS synergises with IGF2BP3 to regulate RNA methylation recognition to promote tumour progression in renal cell carcinoma
Yuenan Liu, Kailei Chen, Yi Shou, Sen Li, Jun Wang, Qingyang Zhang, Ziwei Huang, Jiaju Xu, Mingfeng Li, Di Liu, Huageng Liang, Hongmei Yang, Xiaoping Zhang
Clinical and Translational Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prognostic value of insulin‑like growth factor 2 mRNA‑binding protein 3 and vascular endothelial growth factor‑A in patients with primary non‑small‑cell lung cancer
Jiannan Liu, Ying Liu, Wenjing Gong, Xiangshuo Kong, Congcong Wang, Shuhua Wang, Aina Liu
Oncology Letters.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in colorectal carcinoma cells is mediated by DEK/IMP3
Shuping You, Yun Guan, Weihong Li
Molecular Medicine Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

Case Report

Brucella Prostatitis: A First Case Report Diagnosed in Korea.: Seong Yeol Ryu, Hyun Ah Kim, Jiyoung Park, Misun Choe, Kunyoung Kwon; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S66-S69.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S66

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Abstract PDF

Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by several species of Brucella. Brucellosis is usually an acute or sub-acute febrile illness that histologically develops granulomatous inflammation. Brucella prostatitis is a very rare complication and is usually accompanied by epididymo-orchitis. We now report a case of histologically proven granulomatous prostatitis due to Brucella without clinical evidence of epididymo-orchitis. A 61-year-old farmer presented with myalgia, low back pain, and fever. A needle biopsy of the prostate was performed due to symptoms of urinary frequency and high prostate specific antigen levels (17.3 ng/mL). Histologically, the prostate showed granulomatous inflammation without caseous necrosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of blood and prostatic tissue for Brucella were positive, while a PCR study for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was negative. The patient was treated with doxycycline and rifampin. A possibility of Brucella prostatitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous prostatitis or prostatitis of unknown origin associated with or without epididymo-orchitis.

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An Imported Case of Brucella melitensis Infection in South Korea
Jee Young Lee, Yongduk Jeon, Mi Young Ahn, Hea Won Ann, In Young Jung, Wooyong Jung, Moo Hyun Kim, Jin Young Ahn, Je Eun Song, Yong Chan Kim, Dong Hyun Oh, Eun Jin Kim, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku, Hyunsoo Kim, Kyungwon Lee, June Myung Kim, Jun Yong Choi
Infection & Chemotherapy.2018; 50(2): 149. CrossRef
Brucellosis Prostatitis: A Neglected Diagnosis for a Tropical Disease
Jing Liu, Bhavika Kaul, Andrea Shioleno, Niraj Mehta, Rojelio Mejia
Current Tropical Medicine Reports.2016; 3(4): 181. CrossRef

Original Article

Prognostic Significance and Nature of Rhabdoid Features in Renal Cell Carcinoma.: Misun Choe, Ji Young Park, Ilseon Hwang, Sang Pyo Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(4):371-378.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.4.371

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Recent reports have indicated that renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with rhabdoid features follows an aggressive clinical course. We investigated the prognostic significance and nature of the rhabdoid component.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the incidence and clinicopathologic characteristics of RCC with rhabdoid features in 174 radical nephrectomy cases. The specimens were examined histologically and immunohistochemically.
RESULTS
Twelve of the 174 RCC cases (6.9%) showed rhabdoid features. Histologically, all the tumors with rhabdoid features were of the clear cell type. The presence of rhabdoid features was significantly associated with higher Fuhrman's nuclear grade and higher pathologic tumor stage at presentation. Among the 12 patients who showed the rhabdoid component, nine (75%) developed metastasis and seven (58.3%) died of disease-related causes. The presence of rhabdoid features was independently associated with metastasis and disease-related mortality. The rhabdoid cells were positive for vimentin; variably positive for pan-cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD10; and negative for cytokeratin 7, smooth muscle actin, desmin, E-cadherin, and c-Kit. No case showed loss of integrase interactor-1; one was p53 positive, and five were insulin-like growth factor mRNA binding protein 3 positive. The Ki-67 labeling index was 1-25% (mean, 5.5%).
CONCLUSIONS
The rhabdoid component is an independent prognostic factor for metastasis of RCC; therefore, identification of this component is critical.

Case Report

Sporadic Cutaneous Keratocyst without Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome: Report of 1 Case.: Hye Won Lee, Ji Young Park, Sun Hee Kang, Misun Choe; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(3):322-325.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.3.322

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Abstract PDF

A cutaneous keratocyst is very rare and is ordinarily associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), also known as Gorlin syndrome. NBCCS is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder that results from the mutation in the patched homologue 1 (PTCH1) gene located on chromosome 9q22.3, with high penetrance and variable expressivity. NBCCS demonstrates multisystem manifestations such as multiple basal cell carcinomas in early age, jaw cysts and pits of the hands and feet. Cutaneous keratocysts are characteristically lined by festooned keratinized squamous epithelium with parakeratosis. The cystic wall contains neither granular cell layer nor skin appendages. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of cutaneous keratocysts not associated with NBCCS have been reported to date. We report one another case of a histologically confirmed cutaneous keratocyst in a 50-year-old female without a family history and clinical features of NBCCS.

Citations

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Sporadic Cutaneous Keratocyst of the Scalp: A Report of an Extremely Rare Lesion
Rana S AL-Zaidi, Eyad Tantawi, Rahaf AL-Radadi, Asrar Banjar
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
A Large Extragnathic Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour
Soumya Makarla, Radhika M. Bavle, Sudhakara Muniswamappa, Srinath Narasimhamurthy
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